startProcessLink is to run the process not to navigate to other pages. If you want to navigate, you can use safelink.

Where does it takes you when you click on the "Yes" button?

if I click directly from record list, It will be as my expect
E.x:

Step 1: Click item 

step 2: it will navigate to interface. I click submit -> Yes

step 3: It return record list 

But, It I use filter and do all step above, it stop at step2, it can not route back to list of records with filter

it return record list initial

Didn't get you clearly. which filter you are using?

I use user filter

You cannot hold the filter values. They'll go blank again but here is a workaround. 

1. Build this record list in an interface using source of the grid as record. 
2. Do not use the default search rather build a custom search by using a!textField()
3. Store the entered value in the Appian's cache memory using the textCahce plugin and when returning back to the record list, get the cache value and assign it in the same variable.  

If I only need it can back record list  (don't need  to hold filter value) when I click "yes" button. What need I do?

I think it should automatically work. With the screenshots you have attached, it looks like you are trying to achieve it from the designer. Did you try it from the tempo or site? 

On click on the record, you are going into Record summary view. Now in this, why you want to use button? In summary view it is just the read-only form.